High Energy Planetary Ball Mill
1)Suitable for laboratory or medium production
0.4L-12L
2)Vertical planetary ball mill for mass production
16L-100L
2.Features:
1)Nanoscale grinding with output up to 0.1µm.
2)More than 50% lower noise than ordinary planetary ball mills in the market, extending the service life by more than 2 times.
3)PLC panel, convenient, simple, efficient, can set the time, speed, forward and reverse rotation.
4)Equipment with wheels can be moved directly, handling light, fast.
5)Intelligent control of the safety door, the door can only be opened when the equipment is stationary, to avoid falling out of the tank during the movement process.
Description
Technical Parameters
The quest for novel materials with enhanced properties has driven the development of advanced synthesis techniques. Among these, High Energy Planetary Ball Mills (HEPBMs) have emerged as a cornerstone in materials research. These devices leverage the principles of planetary motion to subject materials to intense mechanical forces, enabling the synthesis of nanoparticles, alloys, and composites at scales previously unattainable.
Historical Background
The concept of ball milling dates back to the early 19th century, primarily used for grinding minerals and ores. However, the advent of high energy planetary ball mill in the mid-20th century marked a paradigm shift. Early models, such as the Fritsch Pulverisette series, introduced the dual-motion principle, combining planetary and rotational motions to enhance grinding efficiency. Over the decades, advancements in motor technology, materials science, and automation have propelled HEPBMs into the forefront of materials research.
Parameter
| Suitable for laboratory or medium production | ||||||
| Model | YXQM-0.4L | YXQM-1L | YXQM-2L | YXQM-4L | YXQM-8L | YXQM-12L |
| Grinding tank volume | 50-100 (ml) | 50-250 (ml) | 50-500(ml) | 50-1000(ml) | 500-2000 (ml) | 1000-3000 (ml) |
| Vacuum tank volume | 50 (ml) | 50-100(ml) | 50-250 (ml) | 50-500 (ml) | 500-2000 (ml) | 1000-3000 (ml) |
| Revolution speed | 5-450 (r/min) | 5-450 (r/min) | 5-400 (r/min) | 5-400 (r/mnin) | 5-320 (r/min) | 5-320 (r/min) |
| Rotation speed | 10-900 (r/mín) | 10-900 (r/min) | 10-800 (r/min) | 10-800 (r/min) | 10-640 (r/min) | 10-640 (r/min) |
| Power | 0.55 (kw) | 0.55 (kw) | 0.75(kw) | 0.75(kw) | 1.5(kw) | 1.5(kw) |
| Power Supply | 220/50 (v/hz) | 220/50 (v/hz) | 220/50 (v/hz) | 220/50 (v/hz) | 220/380/50 (v/hz) | 380/50 (v/hz) |
| Weight | 68(kg) | 70(kg) | 96(kg) | 99(kg) | 191(kg) | 193(kg) |
| Vertical planetary ball mill for mass production | ||||||
| Model | YXQM-16L | YXQM-20L | YXQM-40L | YXQM-60L | YXQM-80L | YXQM-100L |
| Grinding tank volume | 1-4 (L) | 1-5 (L) | 5-10 (L) | 10-15 (L) | 10-20 (L) | 10-25 (L) |
| Vacuum tank volume | 1-4 (L) | 1-5 (L) | 5-10(L) | 10-15 (L) | 10-20 (L) | 10-25 (L) |
| Revolution speed | 5-230 (r/min) | 5-230 (r/min) | 5-220 (r/min) | 5-180 (r/min) | 5-180 (r/min) | 5-180 (r/min) |
| Rotation speed | 10-460 (r/min) | 10-460 (r/min) | 10-440 (r/min) | 10-440 (r/min) | 10-360 (r/min) | 10-360 (r/min) |
| Power | 3(kw) | 3 (kw) | 7.5(kw) | 7.5(kw) | 15(kw) | 15(kw) |
| Power Supply | 380/50 (v/hz) | 380/50 (v/hz) | 380/50 (v/hz) | 380/50 (v/hz) | 380/50 (v/hz) | 380/50 (v/hz) |
| Weight | 230(kg) | 288(kg) | 400(kg) | 610(kg) | 610(kg) | 1059(kg) |
Technical Specifications
► Performance Parameters
The performance of a high-energy planetary ball mill is determined by several key parameters, including the main plate speed, jar speed, jar size, grinding media size and material, and the ball-to-powder ratio. For example, a typical high-energy planetary ball mill may have a main plate speed range of 50-450 rpm and a jar speed range of 100-900 rpm, with a transmission ratio of 1:2 between the main plate and the jars. The jar sizes can vary from 100 ml to 500 ml, and the grinding media can range from 3 mm to 40 mm in diameter, depending on the sample material and the desired milling outcome.
► Control System
Modern high-energy planetary ball mills are equipped with advanced control systems that allow for precise control over the milling process. These systems typically include a touch screen display and a wireless remote control, enabling users to start, stop, accelerate, and decelerate the mill remotely. The control system also provides real-time monitoring of key parameters such as the running time, speed, and temperature, ensuring safe and efficient operation.
► Safety Features
Safety is a top priority in the design of high-energy planetary ball mills. They are equipped with emergency stop buttons, overload protection, and dust-proof sealing to prevent accidents and ensure the integrity of the sample material. Additionally, some models may have features such as automatic shutdown in case of abnormal temperature or vibration, further enhancing safety.
► Noise and Power Consumption
Compared to traditional milling methods, high-energy planetary ball mills are known for their relatively low noise levels and energy consumption. This is due to their efficient design and the use of high-quality materials in their construction. For example, some models can operate at noise levels below 60 dB, making them suitable for use in laboratory environments without causing excessive disturbance.
Applications
HEPBMs have found extensive applications across various domains:
◆ Nanomaterial Synthesis
Metal Oxides: Zinc oxide (ZnO), titanium dioxide (TiO₂), and silicon dioxide (SiO₂) nanoparticles are synthesized for applications in catalysis, optics, and electronics.
Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs): HEPBMs enable the production of high-quality CNTs with controlled diameter and length.
◆ Alloy Formation
High-Entropy Alloys (HEAs): Mechanical alloying via HEPBMs produces alloys with enhanced mechanical properties, suitable for aerospace and automotive industries.
Amorphous Alloys: Rapid quenching during milling creates non-equilibrium phases with unique properties.
◆ Energy Storage Materials
Lithium-Ion Batteries: HEPBMs facilitate the synthesis of cathode and anode materials, improving battery performance.
Hydrogen Storage: Metal hydrides and organic electrolytes are explored for next-generation energy solutions.
◆ Biomedical Engineering
Drug Delivery: Nanoparticles enhance drug solubility and bioavailability.
Tissue Engineering: Scaffolds and hydrogels are prepared for regenerative medicine.
◆ Environmental Remediation
Wastewater Treatment: HEPBMs synthesize adsorbents and catalysts for pollutant removal.
Soil Remediation: Nanomaterials stabilize contaminants and enhance biodegradation.
Technical advantages of planetary ball mill in catalyst preparation
► Highly efficient mixing and dispersion
Through high-energy ball milling, the active components of the catalyst (e.g. precious metal particles) can be uniformly dispersed on the surface of the carrier (e.g. alumina, silica), thus avoiding the agglomeration phenomenon that is commonly found in the traditional impregnation method. For example, in the preparation of loaded catalysts, by controlling the ball milling parameters (rotational speed, time, ball ratio), the particle size and dispersion of the active components can be precisely regulated, which can significantly improve the activity and stability of the catalysts.
► Mechanochemical synthesis
Mechanical energy during ball milling can induce chemical reactions and promote solid-state reactions or phase transitions. For example, through mechanical alloying technology, different metal elements can be directly mixed and formed into alloy phases without the need for high-temperature melting, which is suitable for the preparation of high-entropy alloy catalysts or amorphous catalysts.
► Nanostructure modulation
High energy planetary ball mill can grind catalyst raw materials down to the nanoscale to form nanoparticles with high specific surface area. For example, the catalytic performance of metal oxides (e.g. molybdenum oxide, nickel oxide) in hydrocracking and oxidation reactions can be significantly improved by grinding them to the nanoscale.
► Cryogenic operation and inert environment
It usually equipped with vacuum or inert gas protection to avoid oxidation or decomposition of the catalyst during preparation, especially for oxygen-sensitive active components (e.g. platinum, palladium).
Specific Application Examples
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◆ Loaded catalyst preparation NiMo/Al₂O₃ hydrogenation catalyst: NiMo/Al₂O₃ catalyst was produced by ball milling nickel nitrate, molybdenum nitrate, and proposed thin alumina with a mixture of ball milling, drying and roasting. It was shown that the catalysts prepared by the ball milling method had better dispersion of Ni and Mo active components, and the pore sizes were concentrated in 2-10 nm, which exhibited excellent catalytic performance in the phenanthrene hydrogenation reaction. Pt/C catalyst: Highly dispersed Pt/C catalysts were prepared by ball-milling and mixing platinum salts with carbon carriers (e.g., carbon black), and then reduced to produce highly dispersed Pt/C catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction in fuel cells. ◆ Non-loaded catalyst preparation Chalcogenide catalyst: Strontium titanate (SrTiO₃) raw material is ball-milled and then roasted at high temperature to produce chalcogenide catalyst with high specific surface area, which is used in photocatalytic or electrocatalytic hydrogen precipitation reaction. Amorphous alloy catalyst: Through mechanical alloying technology, iron, cobalt, nickel and other metal elements are ball-milled and mixed to prepare amorphous Fe-Co-Ni alloy catalysts for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactions. ◆ Composite Catalyst Preparation Metal-oxide composite catalysts: metal nanoparticles (e.g., copper, silver) and metal oxides (e.g., zinc oxide, tin oxide) are ball-milled and mixed to prepare composite catalysts with synergistic catalytic effects, which can be used in the reduction of CO₂ or the oxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). |
Control of key parameters for catalyst preparation in pf
► Ball milling time
Ball milling time directly affects the particle size and dispersion of catalyst. For example, when preparing NiMo/Al₂O₃ catalyst, ball milling for 1 hour can make the active components uniformly dispersed, but too long ball milling time may lead to particle agglomeration.
► Rotation speed and ball material ratio
High rotational speeds (e.g. 400-800 rpm) and appropriate ball-to-material ratios (e.g. 10:1-40:1) can improve the grinding efficiency, but excessive energy should be avoided to avoid phase change or contamination of the material.
► Atmosphere control
When preparing oxygen-sensitive catalysts, ball milling should be carried out under the protection of inert gas (e.g. argon) to prevent oxidation of the active components.
► Post-treatment process
After ball milling, the catalyst is usually subjected to post-treatment steps such as drying, roasting or reduction to stabilise the structure and activate the active components.
Mechanical Mechanisms of Nanomaterial Preparation
► Impact and friction effect
The grinding ball collides with the wall of the tank and the material in high-speed movement, generating local high temperature and pressure (up to 1000°C or more) and plastic deformation.
Repeated impacts lead to material lattice distortion, dislocation proliferation, and ultimately trigger grain refinement to the nanoscale.
► Mechanical force chemical effect
During high-energy ball milling, mechanical energy is converted into chemical energy, which promotes solid-state reactions or phase transitions.
For example, metallic and non-metallic elements form nanocrystalline alloys or amorphous phases through Mechanical Alloying (MA).
► Self-Propagating Reactions
In some systems, mechanical energy can initiate Self-propagating High-temperature Synthesis (SHS) to rapidly generate nanomaterials.
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